封闭空间中氢扩散减缓模型
![Nick Taylor](/-/media/images/experts/nick-taylor-640x480/nick-640x480.png?c=1&cw=98&ch=98&h=98&hash=B2CBDF2CE98C4E2285756638AC258A47)
By Engaged Expert
Nick TaylorWith over 25 years of industrial experience, 尼克专门从事高风险部门的电气工程和控制系统. 最近,他的经验主要集中在氢作为能量载体的吸收上. As Director of Hydrogen Safety, 他在im体育APP数字工程公司建立系统安全工程能力.
Background
Hydrogen是净零能源转型的关键因素,它的应用遍及各个领域 energy, civil infrastructure, and transportation. Containerized power plants, 提供移动和模块化的绿色氢解决方案, are increasingly adopted for remote applications. However, 氢的独特性质——如较宽的可燃性范围, a colorless and odorless flame, and high diffusivity, 比空气轻——增加了氢气在密闭空间内扩散的风险.
This case study showcases how Element Digital Engineering leverages Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to enhance the safety assessment 在远程电力应用中为氢燃料电池提供服务的移动集装箱车间单元. 所讨论的车间有一个加压的35bar氢气供应管, 有泄漏导致氢气分散的潜在危险. An installed leakage mitigation system, 配有关闭阀和由气体检测传感器驱动的抽气风扇, aims to manage this risk. 所分析的失效场景涉及全通径供氢管失效, 导致加压氢气分散到车间单元.
审查的一个关键方面是传感器放置的有效性,以确保泄漏缓解系统的性能, 在整个事件中,将氢浓度保持在爆炸下限(LEL)的25%以下至关重要, 从而最大限度地减少氢分散的风险.
The Challenge
本研究解决的核心挑战是理解管道故障事件对系统性能的影响, 特别是关于加压H2气体释放到不通风的, 封闭的房间和随后的氢气分散. 准确预测了泄漏源处氢气射流的动力学和气体羽流的行为, especially near the ceiling, was essential. 这需要对气体检测过程进行建模, activation of safety mechanisms, 以及关键的结果,比如氢气云的停留时间和浓度, 提供对氢扩散安全系统的整体功效的见解.
The Solution
Element Digital Engineering在利用计算流体动力学(CFD)评估跨部门关键工程系统的安全性和性能方面拥有丰富的经验. 这种专业知识扩展到模拟气体扩散和气体云爆炸场景, including hydrogen dispersion. Utilizing the commercial CFD code STAR-CCM+ by SIEMENS, the team simulated the leak event as an unsteady, turbulent, and compressible multispecies gas flow, 能够准确描述氢气在容器环境中的分散. 自适应网格细化方法和自定义现场函数模拟了安全系统对检测到的氢浓度的响应, setting the activation threshold at 25% LEL.
The Result
该分析成功地预测了管道失效场景的后果, 强调氢气分散风险——这是系统整体安全评估的重要输入. 模拟结果表明,故障产生了高速射流, forming a concentrated H2 cloud near the ceiling, 随着中央传感器的探测和减缓系统的激活在氢气扩散的大约19秒内发生. 这种CFD模拟能力有助于对减缓系统对氢气分散的有效性进行经济有效的虚拟验证, serving as a significant risk management tool. 所获得的见解也为传感器放置的优化提供了信息, 增强系统性能和氢气分散情况下的覆盖范围.
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